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Aksai Chin, a desolate plateau between India and China, remains one of Asia’s most contested frontiers. Born from unresolved colonial boundaries, the region became the flashpoint of the 1962 war and continues to shape the geopolitics of the Himalayas. Decades later, military standoffs, infrastructure races, and competing territorial claims reveal that the conflict over Aksai Chin is far from over; it's an unfinished war still defining India-China relations.

Military satellites are no longer just tools in orbit—they’re central to defense strategy. Resilience, rapid deployment, and operational integration define the new era. Explore how adaptive satellites, commercial partnerships, and emerging technologies are reshaping the battlefield in space.

The 2009 Maersk Alabama hijacking spurred a multilateral maritime effort that turned the Gulf of Aden from a piracy hotspot into a corridor of safety. Today, Somalia’s growing web of bilateral defense pacts risks undoing that progress. Commodore Ranjit Rai (Retd) warns that while bilateral deals promise quick gains, they may fracture hard-won coordination, undermining security, sovereignty, and stability across vital sea lanes.

Modern battlefields blur the line between ground and air, as drones, loitering munitions, artillery, and GBAD systems compete in the same tactical sky. To prevent chaos and fratricide, the Army must own this battlespace from company to corps, institutionalising ROZs, kill boxes, JTAC/FAC networks, and integrated deconfliction. Victory tomorrow will depend less on 30,000 feet of airpower, and more on controlling 300 feet above the battlefield.

Somalia’s new defence cooperation MoU with Pakistan may look like routine training and support, but echoes of Hambantota raise concerns of sovereignty traded for dependency. With Chinese influence in the background, the pact could evolve from naval aid into strategic concessions, leaving Mogadishu vulnerable in a region of global maritime consequence.

The 2016 surgical strikes marked more than a military milestone; they reshaped how border communities viewed the Indian Army. For villagers along the LoC, it was not just a strategic message to Pakistan but reassurance that the Army stood as a protector of lives, not just territory. The strikes gave psychological security, reframed the Army’s role as human-centric, and left a lasting legacy of trust at India’s frontlines.

Recent forums from IBC to WSBW and SDSS highlight a strategic inflection in space and defense. Commercial satcom growth, dual-use EO, SSA, and hybrid platforms are redefining opportunities, while interoperability, sovereignty, and rapid deployment challenges demand pragmatic, defense-aligned innovation. The next winners will integrate end-user feedback, resilience, and agile civil-defense strategies.

China’s rapid infrastructure build-up along the LAC is reshaping Himalayan security. Roads, dual-use villages, and advanced rail links, framed as “development,” are in fact military tools of the PLA to consolidate territory and accelerate mobilization. This weaponised expansion erodes crisis-management mechanisms, heightens the risk of clashes, and leaves India with no choice but to respond in kind, deepening instability in one of the world’s most sensitive borders.

Pakistan’s Navy guards more than seas—it commands a parallel economy of privilege. From subsidised land and tax exemptions to guaranteed corporate posts at Bahria Foundation, naval officers inherit wealth without risk while citizens struggle with austerity. This is not shared sacrifice but selective privilege, a caste of milbus enriching itself as the nation sinks under economic and moral burden.

At SDSS and WSBW 2025 in Paris spotlighted a maturing space industry where ambition now meets accountability. Direct-to-Device, data-driven insights, supply chain resilience, and sustainability emerged as defining themes. The message is clear: success in space will hinge on execution, integration, and delivering real-world value, not just technical potential.

Day One of WSBW 2025 showed the space industry is finally growing up. Direct-to-Device is moving from hype to market reality, EO faces pressure to deliver insights over imagery, and sustainability is shifting from mantra to market. With financing tightening and geopolitics shaping spectrum and data, the industry’s future depends less on launches and more on building resilient, scalable businesses.

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